Input Output has outlined a staged rollout for Cardano's Leios upgrade, starting at three to five times current transaction capacity. Later governance votes could lift that to 10-15 times, and each step depends on mainnet results.
Input Output targets three to five times today's transaction capacity for Leios at launch, with later votes that could raise it to 10–15 times. In its Oct. 20 update, the developer said Leios will arrive with the Dijkstra hard fork, followed by stake pool registration, live network load exercises and at least two protocol parameter updates.
The update gives no fixed Dijkstra activation date. According to Input Output: "The hard fork makes the protocol available," but capacity gains remain subject to mainnet results and community approval.
Pools must register voting keys first
Stake pool operators will generate BLS voting keys after the hard fork and register them through updated pool certificates. The current estimate requires roughly 90–95% of delegated stake to register before Leios can operate.
Pools without a registered key can keep producing Praos blocks, but they cannot vote on Leios endorser blocks. Key registration needs no separate vote from delegated representatives or the Constitutional Committee.
Each capacity step needs its own vote
Before Dijkstra, Input Output plans a constitutional update covering the new parameters and the limits for changing them. That amendment needs support from delegated representatives representing 75% of stake and two-thirds of the Constitutional Committee.
Later throughput changes require 67% of DRep stake, 51% of SPO stake and two-thirds of committee members. Once Leios runs, Input Output plans controlled bursts of mainnet traffic, and each proposed step should include measurements from the preceding settings.
Testnet reached roughly six times the Praos ceiling
In an Aug. 20 engineering account, the Leios team recorded a MusashiNet peak of 26.8 TxkB/s against a Praos mainnet ceiling of 4.51 TxkB/s. The traffic came from synthetic load generation and participating operators, so the results describe testnet performance rather than customer demand.
Mainnet starts with conservative settings because the live network includes approximately 2,700 registered pools on different machines, connections and configurations. Input Output also said more than 85% of epoch rewards currently come from Cardano's Reserve, and its update cited an estimate that fee income would need sustained traffic of roughly 50–70 TxkB/s to break even.
Separately, Cardano said in an Oct. 20 X post that 21 of the 103 apps listed on its website had enabled transaction tracking.
Source: crypto.news
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